DAT Question of the Day

Correct Answer: C. Estrogen

Follicle stimulating hormone causes the follicle in the ovary to begin to divide to complete meiosis II. The growing follicle that will eventually release the egg during ovulation secretes estrogen. The estrogen then spurs the secretion of luteinizing hormone by the anterior pituitary gland, causing the follicle to rupture and release the egg. It is the estrogen and progesterone that is responsible for readying the endometrium for implantation should fertilization occur.

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Correct Answer: C. Water is reabsorbed into the bloodstream.

The descending loop of Henle is only permeable to water. As the urine moves through the loop of Henle, it will become more concentrated as the water is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to sodium and during this portion of the loop, the urine will be come more diluted, as sodium ions are reabsorbed into the bloodstream.

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Correct Answer: B. Apoptosis

Apoptosis is programmed cell death or the process by which the cell self-destructs. It can be initiated under number of circumstances, such as when the cell has sustained significant damage to its DNA, and is carried out by a cellular cascade pathway. Apoptosis is beneficial to the organism because it can remove cells before the can become cancerous. Immortalization is a situation in which cells continue to divide past the number of times expected for that cell type. This is a common feature of cancer cells. Cellular senescence is a process of cellular aging in which the cell’s telomeres have shortened (through successive cell divisions) to the point that the cell no longer divides. Necrosis is cell death that is caused by some external insult, usually severe, and is not the result of a controlled, biological phenomenon.

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Correct Answer: C. Liverworts

A bryophyte lacks vascular tissues and seeds. These plants reproduce using spores and are dependent on water and air to carry the spores. A spruce is a type of cone-bearing plant, called a gymnosperm. A peach tree is an example of a fruit-bearing plant called an angiosperm. Ferns are vascular seedless plants and are in their own plant category. Bluegrass is a type of grass and grasses are considered to be an example of a monocot angiosperm. Liverworts and mosses are the most common examples of bryophytes.

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Correct Answer: A. cilia.

The microtubules are part of the cytoskeleton and are comprised of a specialized protein called tubulin. Microtubules are integral in cell division and cell movement. Cilia are a type of cell movement and are made up of microtubules.

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